A Review of Currently Available Vaccines
نویسنده
چکیده
THE INFLUENZA VIRUS Antigenic Changes To maintain its virulence within a population, the influenza virus continuously evolves. Two types of antigenic changes can occur. Antigenic drift results from the accumulation of point mutations in the HA and NA genes. When drift occurs, seasonal epidemics can arise; this is why the influenza vaccine is updated on an annual basis. Antigenic shift is the appearance in the human population of a new influenza virus that contains novel HA or NA proteins, or both, that are immunologically distinct from those circulating in recent years. Unlike drift, which occurs yearly, shift is an unpredictable event.8–10,17, 20,21
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